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Bacterial infection and osseointegration of implant‐biomaterials all play important roles in the success of an orthopedic prosthesis or a dental‐implant. In this work, we evaluated the osteogenic gene expression of canine bone marrow stromal cells (CBMSCs) and the adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 12598) on different diameter TiO2 nanotube layers. The CBMSCs cultured on 30 and 70 nm nanotubes...
The aim of this study was the in vitro investigation of the change in mechanical properties of a fast‐degrading electro‐spun polymeric scaffold for the use in soft tissue regenerative implants. Tubular scaffolds were electro‐spun from a DegraPol® D30 polyesther‐urethane solution (target outer diameter: 5.0 mm; scaffold wall thickness: 0.99 ± 0.18 mm). Scaffold samples were subjected to hydrolytic...
In this study, we report fabrication of strontium (Sr) and magnesium (Mg) doped hydroxyapatite (HA) coating on commercially pure titanium (Cp‐Ti) substrates using inductively coupled radio frequency (RF) plasma spray. HA powder was doped with 1 wt % Sr (Sr‐HA) and 1 wt % Mg (Mg‐HA), heat treated at 800°C for 6 h and then used for plasma spray coating. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transformed...
Glutaraldehyde (GLUT) crosslinked porcine aortic heart valves are continued to be extensively used in heart valve replacement surgeries. GLUT does not crosslink glycosaminoglycans in the tissue and we have demonstrated that GAG loss is associated with tissue degeneration. In this study, we examined the ability of neomycin to enhance GLUT crosslinking to stabilize GAGs, as well as provide evidence...
Argatroban is a powerful synthetic anticoagulant, but due to its water‐insoluble nature, it is unsuitable for use as a coating material to reduce the thrombogenic potential of natural or tissue‐engineered blood‐contacting cardiovascular tissues. On the other hand, anionic compounds could adsorb firmly onto connective tissues. Therefore, in this study, an anionic form of argatroban was prepared by...
The influence of porosity on release profiles of antibiotics from calcium phosphate composites was investigated to optimize the duration of treatment. We hypothesized, that by the encapsulation of vancomycin‐HCl into biodegradable microspheres prior admixing to calcium phosphate bone cement, the influence of porosity of the cement matrix on vancomycin release could be reduced. Encapsulation of vancomycin...
This study describes the development and evaluation of novel polymer films that provide controlled release of two vascular‐protective polyphenols for endovascular devices. Resveratrol (RESV) and quercetin (QUER) have antimigratory and antiproliferative actions on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), inhibit both platelet and inflammatory cell activation, and promote endothelial cell function. Our...
We report on the crystallization processes occurring at the surface of PDLLA‐Bioglass® composites immersed in simulated body fluid. Composites manufactured by injection molding and containing different amounts (0, 20, 30, and 50 wt %) of 45S5 Bioglass® particles were tested for durations up to 56 days and compared with Bioglass® particles alone. Crystallization processes were followed by visual inspection,...
Bioceramic tooth powders were prepared via heat treatment of extracted human teeth using sintering temperatures between 600°C and 1200°C, and their properties were investigated for potential tooth tissue engineering. The sintered human tooth powders were characterized using thermal analysis (thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA)), field emission scanning electron...
Understanding the performance of dual‐taper modular femoral stems necessitates detailed quantitative assessment. This study reports a repeatable procedure to identify and measure damage on modular taper surfaces and determines whether damage area is a useful parameter for discerning modular femoral stem performance during in vitro corrosion and endurance tests. Twenty‐four dual‐taper modular necks...
The design and tunability of tissue scaffolds, such as pore size and geometry, is crucial to the success of an engineered tissue replacement. Moreover, the mechanical nature of a tissue scaffold should display properties similar to the tissue of interest; therefore, tunability of the foam mechanical properties is desirable. Polymeric foams prepared using supercritical carbon dioxide as a blowing agent...
In the present study, we aim to evaluate the contribution of the cogrinding process in controlling calcium carbonate‐dicalcium phosphate dihydrate cement properties. We set a method designed to evaluate phase separation, usually occurring during paste extrusion, which is quantitative, reliable, and discriminating and points out the determining role of cogrinding to limit filter‐pressing. We show that...
We investigated the effect of sustained release of bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) from an injectable chitosan gel on osteoblastic differentiation in vitro. We first characterized the release profile of BMP‐2 from the gels, and then examined the cellular responses of preosteoblast mouse stromal cells (W‐20‐17) and human embryonic palatal mesenchymal (HEPM) cells to BMP‐2. The release profiles...
Implantation of synthetic materials into body elicits inflammatory host responses that limit medical device integration and biological performance. Since the effective use of biomaterials in vivo requires good biocompatibility and bio‐functionality, it is vital that we assess the inflammatory reactions provoked by various implanted biomaterials. In chemical precipitation of β‐tricalcium phosphate...
Bioactive silica‐calcium phosphate nanocomposite (SCPC) has been coated on Ti‐6Al‐4V implant employing an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique. The effects of composition and pH of the suspending medium on the zeta potential of three different SCPC formulations; SCPC25, SCPC50 and SCPC75 were analyzed. The average zeta potential of SCPC50 in pure ethanol was more negative than that of SCPC25...
The synthesis of a light‐sensitive polyurethane‐based composite material (PUX‐NO) is described. In its polyurethane medium, PUX‐NO contains entrapped silica xerogel particles in which a photoactive manganese nitrosyl has been incorporated. Green flexible films of PUX‐NO readily release nitric oxide (NO) only when exposed to low power (mW) visible light. Incorporation of the nitrosyl in the xerogel...
The wet‐bonding procedure can be simplified by eliminating the primer. An aqueous mixture of 1% citric acid and 1% ferric chloride (1‐1) was hypothesized as providing an easier dehydratable thinner substrate to which 4‐META/MMA‐TBB resin can adhere reliably. The 1‐1 was applied for 10 s and rinsed off with water for 10 s. Demineralized dentin under four conditions was prepared before bonding to PMMA...
Regular 3D periodic porous Ti‐6Al‐4V structures intended to reduce the effects of stress shielding in load‐bearing bone replacement implants (e.g., hip stems) were fabricated over a range of relative densities (0.17–0.40) and pore sizes (∼500–1500 μm) using selective electron beam melting (EBM). Compression‐compression fatigue testing (15 Hz, R = 0.1) resulted in normalized fatigue strengths at 10...
Cationized bovine serum albumin (cBSA‐147) has been modified by attaching the cyclic pentapeptide cRGDfK to its surface through linkers of different length. Coatings of these bioconjugates on glass surfaces were studied for their ability to stimulate cell adhesion. These chemically modified albumins combine a high number of positive charges which facilitate the initial cell adhesion to the surface...
Mg and Mg alloys are of interest for biodegradable implants as they readily corrode in biological fluids, and dissolved Mg ions are nontoxic. Even though it is well known that Mg dissolution leads to pH increase in the surroundings, the effect of the corrosion‐induced alkalization on the biological environment has not been studied in detail. We therefore explored the interactions between corrosion‐induced...
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